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LEVEL 3: THEORY
TOPIC - INJURY RECOGNITION & IDENTIFICATION
This topic can be discussed on the WORLD CLASS
COACHING Discussion Forum -
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directly to the topic.
In coaching, and indeed playing, injuries will inevitably occur.
To minimise these however, we need, as coaches, to be aware and prepared
for most, if not ALL eventualities.
We therefore need to first concentrate on our training methods and
whether or not they impact on player’s safety.
The points to be aware of are:
* THE VENUE (good surface, free of any dangers etc)
* ADEQUATE EQUIPMENT
* DURATION OF SESSION (age determined)
Overtraining is equally responsible for many unforced injuries which
leads to loss of technique.
Inadequate fluid intake is also a consideration that must be observed
and should be taken prior, during and after training.
The warm-up is also a vital part of ANY activity and there must be a
phase of getting the body ready for the activity designated and one that
is age relevant.
IDENTIFYING INJURIES
When you are on the sidelines and coaching your team either in practice
or in a full match, recognition of any injuries that occur to players is
a vital skill to acquire.
The acronym SALTAPS is one that will aid all those who are responsible
for treating any player on the field who may have incurred an injury.
S= SEE THE INJURY OCCUR
A= ASK THE PLAYER QUESTIONS ABOUT THE INJURY ( or A.B.C. for unconscious
player Airway, Breathing, Circulation checks)
These questions could be the obvious " Where is the pain?", " Was it a
kick or did you twist it?", "Did it hurt as you
landed/fell/jumped/dived?" etc.
L= LOOK AT THE INJURY
T= TOUCH (Palpate the injured part)
A= ACTIVE MOVEMENTS FROM THE PLAYER
(ask them if they can stand up and move the injured body
part/finger/toe/head unaided etc)
P= PASSIVE MOVEMENTS BY THE PHYSIOTHERAPIST
S= STRENGTH (Players movements resisted by the physio (The Physio moves
the injured part without the players help and asked to put weight on
both feet/ pull both arms/ walk normal)
Ask what happened?
Ask to actively move the injured limb
If they cant move it = remove from pitch unless not qualified
Seek professional help
If in doubt, remove from pitch
If suspected injury to spine, back or head= DON'T MOVE
THREE GRADES OF INJURY
1.MINOR =Player continues to play
2.MODERATE=Restricted Movements -Not to continue to play-Leave the Field
of Play)
3.MAJOR=No movement/Little or no movement
If possible, help the player to stand > Then stand unaided > Walk > Jog
> Run
WHAT TO DO FOR AN INJURY
Use PRICE acronym
P=PROTECTION....Instruct player to stop activity
R=REST..........48 hrs minimum: Raise injured limb, continual ice
treatment
I=ICE...........Blood flow restriction
C=COMPRESSION...Blood flow restriction, reduce debris - 10 minutes in
any one hour release
Injuries can be...
EXTRINSIC = Overload Injury from an OUTSIDE force
or...
INTRINSIC = Overload Injury from an INTERNAL force
E=ELEVATION
THE RECOVERY LADDER
Immediately on the field
(First Aid/SALTAPS)
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Acute Stage
PRICE - 0 > 48 hrs
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Sub-Acute Stage
1. Contrast Bathing
2. Active Movements
3. Passive Stretching > 3-7 days
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Active Rehabilitation
1.Active Mobilization
2.Active Strength exercises
3.Dynamic exercises
To include balance/Co-ordination Timing/Endurance work > 7/10 days
----------------------
Functional Rehabilitation Stage
1.Functional Work ( Straight line walking/jogging/running)
2.To include Rotational work (Turning/zig zags, figure 8's etc)
3.Functional Strength work
----------------------
HEAD INJURIES
Head Injuries are the most serious ones that you will be dealing with.
They include:
CONCUSSION:
Test -reaction of pupils to light if pupils reduce = Remove player from
Field Of Play.
If NOT = Seek medical Advice
UNCONSCIOUSNESS
Priorities -A,B,C, Get to Hospital (call emergency services)
Do NOT remove from Field Of Play
HEAD WOUND
May bleed badly. Reassure player. Clean wound. Remove from Field Of Play
NECK & BACK INJURY
If unsure or suspect injury=Phone for Ambulance
Unless trained, just try and support the head, neck & back and keep
player warm (cover with a contact, etc).
Prevent unwanted movement and await Ambulance
Do NOT allow player to move.
WRIST AND HAND
Common with Goalkeepers -Place hand in cold water and elevate. Remove
from Field Of Play unless Fitness testing is adequate.
MUSCLE/TENDON/LIGAMENT INJURIES
These unseen injuries are only treatable off the Field Of Play.
They are graded as;
1st Degree (Mild)........Minor signs and symptoms of Inflammation
2nd Degree (Moderate)....Noticeable signs and symptoms of Inflammation
3rd Degree (Severe)......Severe signs and symptoms of Inflammation
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